In an era of great power competition, the role of alliances in managing escalation of conflict has acquired renewed importance. Nuclear weapons remain the ultimate means for deterrence and controlling escalation, and are central to US alliances in Europe and the Indo-Pacific.

This book analyzes the process of evaluating Iran's nuclear project and efforts to roll it back, resulting in the 2015 nuclear agreement. To highlight the technological problems and the politicization involved in the process, this study uses real-time comparison of developments in Iran and the perception of Israel in the United States.

This book essentially builds upon Entessar & Afrasiabi's Iran Nuclear Negotiations (Rowman & Littlefied, October 2015), focusing this time on the final nuclear agreement, the ensuing debates around it, and its global and regional ramifications especially in the Middle East.